=item *
-return values immediately to an upper level with L</unwind>, and know which context was in use then with L</want_at> ;
+return values immediately to an upper level with L</unwind> and L</yield>, and know which context was in use then with L</want_at> ;
=item *
If C<$what> is a string pointing to an undeclared variable, the variable will be vivified as soon as the localization occurs and emptied when it ends, although it will still exist in its glob.
-=head2 C<localize_delete $what, $key, $context>
+=head2 C<localize_delete>
+
+ localize_delete $what, $key;
+ localize_delete $what, $key, $context;
Introduces the deletion of a variable or an array/hash element delayed to the time of first return into the upper scope denoted by C<$context>.
C<$what> can be:
=head2 C<unwind>
- unwind @values;
+ unwind;
unwind @values, $context;
-Returns C<@values> I<from> the context pointed by C<$context>, i.e. from the subroutine, eval or format at or just above C<$context>, and immediately restart the program flow at this point - thus effectively returning to an upper scope.
+Returns C<@values> I<from> the subroutine, eval or format context pointed by or just above C<$context>, and immediately restart the program flow at this point - thus effectively returning C<@values> to an upper scope.
+If C<@values> is empty, then the C<$context> parameter is optional and defaults to the current context (making the call equivalent to a bare C<return;>) ; otherwise it is mandatory.
The upper context isn't coerced onto C<@values>, which is hence always evaluated in list context.
This means that
will set C<$num> to C<'z'>.
You can use L</want_at> to handle these cases.
+=head2 C<yield>
+
+ yield;
+ yield @values, $context;
+
+Returns C<@values> I<from> the context pointed by or just above C<$context>, and immediately restart the program flow at this point.
+If C<@values> is empty, then the C<$context> parameter is optional and defaults to the current context ; otherwise it is mandatory.
+
+L</yield> differs from L</unwind> in that it can target I<any> upper scope (besides a C<s///e> substitution context) and not necessarily a sub, an eval or a format.
+Hence you can use it to return values from a C<do> or a C<map> block :
+
+ my $now = do {
+ local $@;
+ eval { require Time::HiRes } or yield time() => HERE;
+ Time::HiRes::time();
+ };
+
+ my @uniq = map {
+ yield if $seen{$_}++; # returns the empty list from the block
+ ...
+ } @things;
+
+Like for L</unwind>, the upper context isn't coerced onto C<@values>.
+
=head2 C<want_at>
my $want = want_at;
will rightfully set C<$num> to C<26>.
-=head2 C<uplevel $code, @args, $context>
+=head2 C<uplevel>
my @ret = uplevel { ...; return @ret };
- my @ret = uplevel { my @args = @_; ...; return @ret } @args;
- my @ret = uplevel { ... } @args, $context;
+ my @ret = uplevel { my @args = @_; ...; return @ret } @args, $context;
my @ret = &uplevel($callback, @args, $context);
-Executes the code reference C<$code> with arguments C<@args> as if it were located at the subroutine stack frame pointed by C<$context>, effectively fooling C<caller> and C<die> into believing that the call actually happened higher in the stack.
+Executes the code reference C<$callback> with arguments C<@args> as if it were located at the subroutine stack frame pointed by C<$context>, effectively fooling C<caller> and C<die> into believing that the call actually happened higher in the stack.
The code is executed in the context of the C<uplevel> call, and what it returns is returned as-is by C<uplevel>.
sub target {
my @inverses = target(1, 2, 4); # @inverses contains (0, 0.5, 0.25)
my $count = target(1, 2, 4); # $count is 3
+Note that if C<@args> is empty, then the C<$context> parameter is optional and defaults to the current context ; otherwise it is mandatory.
+
L<Sub::Uplevel> also implements a pure-Perl version of C<uplevel>.
Both are identical, with the following caveats :
# $cxt = SCOPE(4), UP SUB UP SUB = UP SUB EVAL = UP CALLER(2) = TOP
...
-Where L</unwind>, L</want_at> and L</uplevel> point to depending on the C<$cxt>:
+Where L</unwind>, L</yield>, L</want_at> and L</uplevel> point to depending on the C<$cxt>:
sub {
eval {
sub {
{
- unwind @things => $cxt; # or uplevel { ... } $cxt;
+ unwind @things => $cxt; # or yield @things => $cxt
+ # or uplevel { ... } $cxt
...
}
...
=head1 EXPORT
-The functions L</reap>, L</localize>, L</localize_elem>, L</localize_delete>, L</unwind>, L</want_at> and L</uplevel> are only exported on request, either individually or by the tags C<':funcs'> and C<':all'>.
+The functions L</reap>, L</localize>, L</localize_elem>, L</localize_delete>, L</unwind>, L</yield>, L</want_at> and L</uplevel> are only exported on request, either individually or by the tags C<':funcs'> and C<':all'>.
The constant L</SU_THREADSAFE> is also only exported on request, individually or by the tags C<':consts'> and C<':all'>.
funcs => [ qw<
reap
localize localize_elem localize_delete
- unwind want_at
+ unwind yield
+ want_at
uplevel
uid validate_uid
> ],
=head1 DEPENDENCIES
-L<XSLoader> (standard since perl 5.006).
+L<perl> 5.6.
+
+A C compiler.
+This module may happen to build with a C++ compiler as well, but don't rely on it, as no guarantee is made in this regard.
+
+L<XSLoader> (core since perl 5.006).
=head1 SEE ALSO
projects / perl / modules / Scope-Upper.git / blobdiff